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APA citation generator

Format references and in-text citations in APA 7th edition, the style from the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (2020).

Source type
Authors

APA 7 citation

Untitled. (n.d.).

In-text citation

  • Parenthetical: (, n.d.)
  • Narrative: (n.d.)

References (0)

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APA 7 rules at a glance

APA is used in psychology, education, nursing, business and most social sciences.

  • Authors: last name, then initials (Beland, L.-P.). Use "&" before the last author; list up to 20 authors.
  • Date in brackets right after the author: (2016). Websites and news add month and day: (2024, March 12). No date: (n.d.).
  • Sentence case for article, book and web page titles: capitalise only the first word, the first word after a colon, and proper nouns.
  • Italicise book titles, journal names and volume numbers; the issue number in brackets is not italic.
  • Give the DOI as a full link (https://doi.org/…). Omit "Retrieved from" and access dates for most pages.
  • Reference list titled "References", alphabetical by first author, double-spaced with a 0.5-inch hanging indent.

APA 7 examples

Journal article

Beland, L.-P., & Murphy, R. (2016). Ill communication: Technology, distraction & student performance. Labour Economics, 41, 61–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2016.04.004

Book

Dweck, C. S. (2006). Mindset: The new psychology of success. Random House.

Web page (organisation author)

World Health Organization. (2024, March 12). Adolescent and young adult health. https://www.who.int/…

In-text

(Beland & Murphy, 2016) · Beland and Murphy (2016) found… · (Dweck, 2006, p. 7)

Other styles: MLA Citation Generator · Chicago Citation Generator · Harvard Referencing Generator.

Questions students ask

What changed from APA 6 to APA 7?

APA 7 drops the publisher location for books, lists up to 20 authors, formats DOIs as https://doi.org/ links, removes "Retrieved from" before URLs, and uses "et al." from the first in-text citation for three or more authors.

How do I cite a source with no author in APA?

Move the title to the author position, followed by the date. In the text, use the title (or a shortened version) and the year.

Do I need page numbers in APA in-text citations?

For direct quotations, yes (p. 12 or pp. 12–13). For paraphrases they are encouraged but not required.